Neuro-ophthalmology is a sub-specialty of neurology or ophthalmology. Specialists undergo an additional 1-2 years of training and fellowship after they complete their residency and become specialists. Neuro-ophthalmology deals with brain and eye diseases, disorders, or conditions which affect the patients’ vision and cause a variety of visual problems. These problems can be double vision, blurred, and even no vision. Patients are almost always referred to neuro-ophthalmologists by another specialist, family doctor, or optometrist. Very rarely, a neuro-ophthalmologist sees a patient directly in an urgent or emergency situation.